定语从句的用法讲解
定语从句是高中英语的重要语法项目之一，它的结构和用法比较复杂。我们应从哪些方面有效地复习定语从句呢？下面就是我给大家带来的定语从句的用法讲解，希望大家喜欢！ [定语从句的种类] 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是 句子 不可缺少的部分，如去掉主句意思就不完整或失去意义；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉也不会影响主句的意思。它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，一般不用that引导，关系词不可省略。如： This is the book that I want to read. （限制性） Tom’s father， who arrived just now， is a famous scientist. （非限制性） 非限制性定语从句的先行词成分可以是整个主句，非限制性定语从句常用which引导，修饰整个句子。定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如： The weather turned out to be very good， which was more than we could expect. 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所指代的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 在定语从句中，who和that既可作主语又可作宾语，whom只可作宾语（作宾语时可以省略）。如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you？ （who/that在从句中作主语） The man （whom/who/that） you spoke to just now is our English teacher. （whom/who/that在从句中作宾语，可省略） [whose] 在定语从句中作定语，可用来指人或物，表示物时相当于“the+名词+of+which”或“of+which+the+名词”。如：John， whose wife is ill， can’t come to the party. [which & that] which和that指代的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Please show me the radio that/which you have just bought. （that/which在从句中作宾语，可省略） This is the film that/which created a great sensation. （that/which在从句中作主语） 只能用that而不能用which的情况： 1. 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 2. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 3. 当先行词是anything， everything， nothing， something， few， all， none， little， some等不定代词时，或是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much等词修饰时。如：Tom told his father all that had happened. There is little that I can do for you. 4. 先行词既有人又有物时。如：They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew. 5. 先行词被the only，the very，the right等修饰时。如：This is the very book that I want to have. 6. 在which，who，whom引起的问句中，为避免重复。如：Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday？ 7. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：China is not the country that it was. 只能用which，不能用that的情况： 1. 在非限制性定语从句中。如：Beijing， which is the capital of China， has a very long histroy. 2. 在介词后面，即“介词+which（指物）”。如：This is the house in which we lived three years ago. [as] 关系代词as代替的先行词是人或物的名词， 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。 as引导限制性定语从句时，常和such， the same， as（so）连用， 构成such ... as， the same ... as， as/so ... as等结构，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。如： Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. （在定语从句中作主语） I have the same trouble as you have. （在定语从句作宾语） It’s as pleasant a film as I have ever seen. （在定语从句作宾语） 但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可以引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。the same ... as（指同样或同类的）， the same ... that（指同一个）。例如： This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch that I lost. as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分，放在句首、句中或句末。如： As is known to us all， smoking is harmful to one’s health. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语） He is late， as is often the case. （指代整个主句，在从句中做主语） Light， as everybody knows， travels much faster than sound. （指代整个主句，在从句中做宾语） as和which作关系代词的用法比较： which引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在主句之后，which指代前面的一个句子或主句中的某一成分；as引导的非限定性定语从句能放在主句之前、中、后，既可指前面已经提到的情况，也可指后面提到的情况。 as引导从句时，有“为人所熟知”的含义，which则没有这层意思。as引导的从句往往表示的是一种附加说明，which引导的从句一般是较为重要的陈述。如： His mother is ill， which makes him very sad. As is expected， the England team won the football match. [关系副词引导的定语从句] 关系副词when， where， why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语， 相当于“介词+which”结构。例如： I’ll never forget the time when/during which we worked in the factory. This is the village where /in which he was born. I don’t know the reason why/for which she looks unhappy today. [判定用关系代词还是用关系副词] 关系代词与关系副词的选用，应看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：若作主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose，as等；若作状语， 就用where， when， why等关系副词。如： The reason why I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Sunday. （状语） The reason that/which he gave us sounded reasonable. （宾语） Pisa is a city， which has a leaning tower. （主语） Pisa is a city， where there is a leaning tower. （状语） [介词+关系代词] 当关系代词作介词宾语时，就出现了“介词+关系代词”的结构引导定语从句的现象。当先行词指物时用“介词+which”，指人时用“介词+whom”，且关系代词不能省略。而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题： 1. 介词的确定可以根据整个句意来确定。 Oxygen is a kind of gas， without which we couldn’t live. 2. 介词可以根据与先行词的搭配来确定。 He gave me the book for which he paid a lot of money. （动词与介词搭配） 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. （名词与介词搭配） The snake， of which she used to be afraid， is her favorite animal now. （形容词与介词搭配） 定语从句的用法讲解相关 文章 ： 1. 英语中as引导的定语从句的相关讲解 2. 定语从句中关系词的用法讲解 3. 英语定语从句的用法 4. 英语数词的分类和用法 5. 高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句 6. 考点初中英语定语从句的用法 7. 非限制性定语从句的用法讲解 8. 英语语法:定语从句 9. 定语从句语法知识点汇总
定语从句讲解
一、了解定语从句及相关术语 1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，相当于形容词在句中作定语。 2. 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有where，when，why等。 He is the man who I want to see. 他就是我想见的人。 先行词 关系词 定语从句 二、掌握关系代词及其作用 最常用的关系代词是who, whom, whose, that，which和as。关系代词同时起了两个作用。它们可以像别的代词一样，可以代表一个名词，在定语从句中用作主语或宾语，同时，它们又起到了连词的作用，把主句和从句连接起来。 1. who指人，在定语从句中一般做主语。如： Do you know the man who is speaking to your father? 你认识和你爸爸讲话的那个人吗？(定语从句修饰先行词the man，who在定语从句中作is speaking的主语） This is the stranger who helped us yesterday. 这是昨天帮助我们的那个陌生人。 She is the girl who works hard at maths. 她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，whom可以省略。如： He is the man (whom) we just talked about. 他就是我们刚才谈论的那个人。 The boy (whom) we met in the street yesterday is my classmate. 我们昨天在大街上遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。 3. whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语修饰它后面的名词。如： This is the girl whose father is a policeman. 这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。 They live in a house whose windows face south. 他们住在一座窗子朝南的房子里。 4. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如： Physics is a subject which is very difficult to learn. 物理是一门很难学的科目。（在定语从句中做主语，不能省略） Apples are the fruit (which) she likes best. 苹果是她最喜欢的水果。 5. that既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。that在从句中作宾语时可省略。如： He is the man that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个人。 We like programs that are very interesting. 我们喜欢有趣的节目。 She is the woman （that） we saw in the bookshop. 她是我们在书店见到的那名妇女。 6. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。如： The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. 来这个城市参观的.人数每年增长一百万。 Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 今天早晨我看见的那个人在哪里？ 三、掌握关系副词及其作用 关系副词有when、where、why，他们在引导定语从句时，既在定语从句中充当状语，又起连接作用。 1. When指时间，在定语从句中充当时间状语。如： I still remember the day when I first came to Dalian. 我仍然记得第一次来大连那天的情景。 He told me the date when he joined the party. 他告诉了我他入党的时间。 They stayed with me for three weeks when they drank all the wine I had.他们和我一起住了三个星期，在那三周里，把我所有的葡萄酒都喝光了。 2. where指地点、在定语从句中充当地点状语。如： This is the house where we lived when we were young. 这就是我们小时候住的房子。 This is the village where I grew up. 这就是我长大的那个村庄。 Hangzhou is a city where there is a beautiful lake. 杭州是个有一个美丽的湖泊的城市。 3. why指原因，在定语从句中充当原因状语。如： I know the reason why he was late for the meeting. 我知道他开会迟到的原因。 Do you know the reason why he refused the invitation? 你知道他拒绝应邀的原因吗？ That is the reason why I’ve changed so much. 那就是我变化这么快的原因。 四、学习定语从句应该注意的问题 1. 关系代词和关系副词的选用 如果先行词是表示时间或地点的名词，不能就一律断定要用关系副词when或where，务必要看引导词在从句中作什么成分，如果作状语，用关系副词，如做主语或宾语要用关系代词。当reason做先行词时，也需注意其引导词在从句中作什么成分，不能断定一概用why来引导。如： I’ll never forget the time when we worked together. 我将永远不会忘记我们一起工作的时光。 （work是不及物动词，when在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词。） I’ll never forget the time (which/that) we spent together. 我将永远不会忘记我们一起渡过的时光。 spend是及物动词，which/that在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词，也可以省略。） This is the factory where he worked before. 这是他以前工作过的工厂。（work是不及物动词，where在定语从句中作状语。） This is the factory which/that he visited before. 这是他以前参观过的工厂。（visit是及物动词，which/that在从句中作宾语，亦可省略。） The reason why I was absent yesterday was that I was ill. 我昨天缺席的原因是我生病了。定语从句中缺状语，表示原因，故用关系副词why） The reason that he explained for his being late was that he had missed the early bus.他所解释的迟到的原因是他误了头班汽车。（explain是及物动词，that在从句中作其宾语） 再看一个例题： （1）This is the factory ________ I visited last year. （2）This is the factory _______ I worked last year. （3）This is the factory _______ produces all kinds of TV sets. A. where B. which C. whom D. whose 以上三个句子只有细微的差别，但答案却不同：（1）和（3）选B. which。（2）选A. where。做这种题时，要看先行词与定语从句中谓语动词之间的关系；（1）中是动宾关系，即I visited the factory，因此选which。（2）中factory应在定语从句中作地点状语，即：I worked in the factory，因此选where。（3）中是作定语从句中的主语，不作地点状语，因此选which。 2. 限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1）当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时。如： Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? 你把李先生说的话都记下来了吗？ There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. 在他看来世界上似乎没有不可能的是。 All that can be done has been done.所有能做的事情都做了。 2）当先行词被序数词修饰。如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方就是“大本钟”。 3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： I think the film Assembly is the best film that I have seen. 我认为电影《集结号》是我看过的最好的电影。 4）当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时。如： This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这就是我想买的那本辞典。 After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 房子失火以后，那辆旧汽车就是他唯一的财产。 5）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如： Who is the man that is standing there? 站在那儿那个人是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?哪件T恤适合我穿？ 6）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。如： Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?你还记得我们学到的那个科学家及他的理论吗？ 3. 区分定语从句和同位语从句 1）定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系。如： The plane that has just taken off is for London. 刚起飞的飞机是去伦敦的。（定语从句） The fact that he has been dead is clear. 他已经死亡的事实是清楚的。（同位语从句） 2）定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分。如： The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.我们现在面临的问题是怎样筹集那么多钱。 （定语从句） The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 怎样筹集钱的问题很难解决。（同位语从句） 3）同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以。如： The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.地球绕着太阳转这一事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句） The fact is that the earth moves around the earth. 这个事实就是地球绕着太阳转。 3. 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 4. that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 五、考点链接 1. 考查that Do you still remember the chicken farm _______ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what (2005北京春) 【解析】C、从句中visited 是及物动词，而且没有宾语，要用关系代词引导定语从句。 2. 考查who，whom和whose 1）Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t. A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填表; 不填（2006北京卷） 【解析】C、第一空定语从句缺少主语，必须用who，不能省略；第二空也是关系代词作主语，不能省略。 2）Look out! Don’t get too close to the house______ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what （2006福建卷） 【解析】A、从句中缺少的是roof的定语，在定语从句中关系代词作定语用whose，whose可以修饰人，也可以修饰物。 3. 考查when，where和when 1）—Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm _________ we worked. （2007 山东卷） A. that B. there C. which D. where 【解析】D、work是不及物动词，不需要宾语，所以用where引导定语从句。
专题：宾语从句与状语从句
专题：宾语从句与状语从句 重点、难点 1. 引导宾语从句的关联词的原则 2. 状语从句的连词 具体内容 （一）宾语从句 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 （二）构成：关联词 简单句 （三）引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： 1. 从属连词that。如： He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。 I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。 注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。 （1）Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.（and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。）大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 （2）I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
（that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。）对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 （3）That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。）我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （4）We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. （主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。）鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。 2. 从属连词if/whether。如： I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。 I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。 3. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:Who or what he was, Martin never learned. 他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。 I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。 I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。 （1）介词宾语从句 宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如： He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。 I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。 I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。 Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。 有时介词可以省略。如： I don’t care（for）who marries him. 我不管谁跟他结婚。 Be careful（as to）how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。 四. 重点疑难
1. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如： We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。 He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他已表明他不会屈服。 2. 作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如： He is a good student except that he is careless. 他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。 You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。 介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如： Are you sorry for what you’ve done? 你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？ 3. 某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如： I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。 I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。 I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。 Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams. 妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。 4. 连词whether（…or not）或if引导的宾语从句 if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如： I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。 用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用whether。试比较： Please let me know if you want to go. Please let me know whether you want to go. if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。
5. 宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如： I don’t think you are right. 我认为你错了。 I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。 I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？ 6. 宾语从句的时态变化规律 （1）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。 （2）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除 外。如： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。 状语从句： 时间状语从句： 状语从句需要连词引导。引导时间状语从句的连词有： when，while，as，as soon as，before，once
，after， since，till/until等。例如： When you finish doing this drill, you may go on to the next one. I’ll let you know as soon as it is settled. She has written fifty letters home since she came to Beijing. 注意（一）： 虽然till和until可互相交换使用。但在句首只能用until。 用于否定句时，表示“直到……时，才……”；“在……以前，不……”例如： Until you told me about the book I had no idea of it.（在你告诉我之前，我对此书一无所知。） I won’t know where he is until I get a letter from him.（收到他的信时我才知道他在那里。） 时间状态语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时间，用现在完成时表示将来完成时间。例如： As soon as my brother arrives, we’ll start working. while和as的区别：when表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生或先于主句动作，可以指一段时间也可以指特定的时间点；
while表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生，表示“一边……一边……”，通常指一段时间。例如： Jack stayed with us when / while he was in Beijing. He called us when he arrived in Beijing. 地点状语从句： 引导地点状语从句的有where，wherever，everywhere等连词。例如： Where there is a will, there is a way. （有志者，事竟成） Wherever you met him, he was not in my house. Everywhere he goes he makes new friends. Everywhere she went, she was kindly received. 条件状语从句： 一般由if（如果），unless（除非，如果不），as/so long as（只要）等连词引导。例如： Please come by if you are free. Unless you study harder, you’re going to fail the exam. 注意（二）： 条件状语从句中也须用一般现在时表示将来时间，用现在完成时表示将来完成时间。例如： If it rains tomorrow, we won't go hiking. 原因状语从句： 引导原因状语从句的连接词通常有because（因为），as（由于），Since（由于），now that（既然；由于）等。例如： As it is raining, you had better take your umbrella with you. You must tell the truth since you know the fact. She couldn’t get up because her legs were wounded. I can’t go to the movie because I'm too busy. 注意（三）： because , as和since均可指原因，但because引导的从句常位于主句之前；而as和since引导的从句常位于主句之后；because表示原因的语气，而as和since语气较弱，只是附带说明一下主句内容是由从句引起的结果。as和since常指说话人和听话人双方都知道的原因。当回答以why
引导的疑问句时必须用because。例如： Why didn’t you come to the meeting? Because I had a bad cold. 结果状语从句 结果状语从句一般由so…that（如此……以致于），such…that（如此……以致于），such that（如此……以致于）和so that（以致于）等引导。so…that与such…that的区别在于：so接形容词或副词，such接名词或名词词组。例如： He was so excited that he couldn't help jumping. She spoke so loudly that every one in the big hall could hear her. It was such a terrible accident that few people survived. There were so few students present that the class was cancelled. The book was written in such simple English that we could understand it easily. 目的状语从句一般由so that（为了；以便）和in order that
（为了；以便）引导的目的状语从句，lest 表示“免得/ 以防/ 以免”。从句中一般用虚拟语气，动词形式为“should 动词原形”。 She spoke louder so that everyone in the hall could hear her. They sent the book by air mail in order that it might reach us in good time. The teacher hid the key to exercises lest the students should see it. We set off early lest we should be late. 让步状语从句： 让步状语从句常用although / though（虽然），even though / even if（尽管），as（尽管），whatever/ whenever/ however（无论什么/ 何时/ 如何），no matter what / when / how（无论什么/ 何时/ 如何）等到引导。no matter what/ when/ how（无论什么/ 何时/ 如何）等引导。as表示让步时一般用于部分倒装结构，though也有此用法。例如： We’ll try our best to finish the work in time though we are short of materials. He still wanted to do it although I warned him not to. Although she slept ten hours last night , she is still tired. Although the road was narrow, the driver managed to pass it safely. 方式状语从句： 方式状态语从句常由as if/as though（好像，如同）等。例如： She acted as if/though nothing had happened. She always talks to him as if she were/was his sister. It looks as if it'll rain. He treats me as if I am/were his brother. 【模拟试题】 一. 单项选择 1. Do you know how much hot water ? A. Mum is needed B. does Mum need C. Mum needs D. did Mum need 2. Can you tell me ? A. where he is B. where is he C. he is where D. what is he 3. I didn’t know how to London? A. would they go B. are they going C. they would go D. they are going
4. I want to know how long . A. has he been back B. has he come back C. he has been back D. he has come back 5. Do you know ? A. what the news are B. what is the news C. what the news is D. what are the news 6. He said he would help me with my maths if he free. A. was B. will be C. would be D. is 7. He will write to you as soon as he to Shanghai. A. gets B. is getting C. will get D. shall get 8. Father music when he young A. liked…was B. liked…is C. likes…was D. likes…is 9. I liked sports I was young. A. so much as B. so much that C. very much when D. very much because 10. mother got home, I was tidying my room. A. After B. When C. As soon as D. Before 11. The teacher didn’t begin her class the students stopped talking. A. until B. because C. after D. when 12. If it tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great wall. A. doesn’t rain B. won’t rain C. not rains D. isn’t rain 13. Could you tell me we get to the plane? A. how B. whether C. where D. what 14. When they got to the cinema, the film for the ten minutes. A. had been on B. has begun C. began D. had begun 15. The teacher says
she will leave a message on the headmaster’s desk. A. if B. who C. that D. what 16. Lucy looks stronger Lily. A. than B. as C. then D. not as 17. I know nothing about it he told me. A. because B. since C. until D. after 18. You must make your new house clean and safe you move in. A. because B. when C. before D. until 19. I was tired I couldn’t walk on. A. so…that B. too…to C. very…that D. very…to 20. I thought he to see his mother if he time. A. will go…has B. will go…will have C. would go…would have D. would go…had 二. 用所给动词的正确形式填空： 1. I won’t return the book to the library because I （not finish）reading it. 2. As soon as he saw me, he （stop）to speak to me. 3. I hope he （come）back in a week. 4. It （rain）hard when I got to the factory this morning. 5. The old man told the children （not walk）in the rice fields. 6. He told me he （help）her with her maths the next evening. 7. She said they （know）each other for quite some time. 8. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we （visit）the People’s Museum. 9. John （write）something when I （go）to see him. 10. Our teacher told us that light
（travel）much faster than sound. 11. When I got to the cinema, the film （begin） 12. Mike asked me if we （ask）any questions the next class. 13. Will you come and stay with us for a while when you （finish）doing your homework? 14. Comrade Wang didn’t know if there （be）an English evening that day. 15. Please tell me if she （come）again next time.
【试题答案】 一. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. D 二. 1. haven’t finished 2. stopped 3. will come 4. was raining 5. not to walk 6. would help 7. had known 8. doesn’t rain, will visit 9. was writing, went 10. travels 11. had begun 12. would ask 13. finish 14. would be 15. will come
定语从句、宾语从句的概念
主语从句：
在主从复合句中位于谓语之前,且在句中起主语作用的从句成为主语从句.
连接主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词、连接代词和连接副词
宾语从句：
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句.
宾语可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句、形容词的宾语从句
表语从句：
在主从复合句中,位于系动词之后且充当表语的从句叫做表语从句
同位语从句：
在主从复合句中充当同位语,说明所修饰的同位名词内容的从句叫做同位语从句.同位语从句就是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句,它所修饰的词称为先行词.同位语从句在主语中的作用相当于先行词的使用.
状语从句：在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句.又由于其功能与副词非常相近,故又称为副词性从句,一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句九大类别
大概就是这些了 很多很多 打不过来的 这是最基本的 还有进一步的延伸 自己理解吧
