英语语言学的一个问题
包括.有tone/pitch,stress,intonation
2.7 Suprasegmental features
2.7.1 Definition
Distinctive features that occur in units
larger than sound segments, such as the
syllables, words, phrases and sentences, are
called suprasegmental features (超音段特征).
The features include tone/pitch, stress and intonation.
2.7.2 Tone /Pitch (音调/声调/调位)
Tone/pitch is the degree of highness of voice.
It depends on how fast the vocal cords
vibrate when we speak. The faster they vibrate,
the higher the pitch is.
The way pitch is used linguistically differs
from language to language.
In English—cat
In Chinese—mao mao mao mao
level rise fall-rise fall
猫 毛 卯 帽
English is not a tone language.
Chinese is a tone language.
A tone language is a language in which the
variation of tone can distinguish words.
Tone is a feature that can distinguish words
in some languages, such as Chinese, and since it
occurs in word level which is larger than sound
segments, we say
—tone is a suprasegmental feature.
Besides Chinese, other tone languages are
spoken in Vietnam, Thailand and central America.
pitch和tone应该是一样的.
上面是我们的课件里的.
violate的反义词是什么
violate的反义词是：keep；obey。violate的反义词是：keep；obey。violate的例句是用作动词(v.)Don'tviolateotherpeople'scopyright.不要侵犯他人版权。violate形容词:violative；名词:violator；过去式:violated；过去分词:violated；现在分词:violating；第三人称单数:violates。一、详尽释义点此查看violate的详细内容v.(动词)侵犯，违犯，违反，违背，侵害，侵入妨碍，妨害，伤害亵渎（神圣之地），污损（神圣之地）强奸，施暴，蹂躏（妇女），奸污，玷污扰乱，破坏，搅扰，干扰，侵扰，使人不得安宁把...败坏污辱，侮辱，冒犯二、双解释义v.(动词)vt.违反,违背breakanoath,atreaty,etc.;actcontrarytowhatone'sconsciencetellsonetodo,etc.vt.亵渎treat(asacredplace)withirreverenceordisrespectvt.侵犯,妨碍disturborinterferewithpersonalfreedom,etc.三、词典解释1.违反，违背，违犯（协议、法律或承诺）Ifsomeoneviolatesanagreement,law,orpromise,theybreakit.e.g.Theywenttoprisonbecausetheyviolatedthelaw...他们触犯了法律，因此坐了牢。e.g.Theyviolatedtheceasefireagreement.他们违反了停火协议。violationTodeprivetheboyofhiseducationisaviolationofstatelaw...剥夺这个男孩受教育的权利是一种违反国家法律的行为。Hewasinviolationofhiscontract.他违反了自己所签订的合同。violator...agovernmentwhichisaknownviolatorofhumanrights.一个众所周知的践踏人权的政府2.侵犯（隐私）;搅扰;打搅Ifyouviolatesomeone'sprivacyorpeace,youdisturbit.e.g.Thesemenwereviolatingherfamily'sprivacy.这些人侵犯了她的家庭隐私。3.污损;亵渎Ifsomeoneviolatesaspecialplace,forexampleagrave,theydamageitortreatitwithdisrespect.e.g.Detectivesarestillsearchingforthosewhoviolatedthegraveyard.侦探们仍在搜捕那些亵渎了墓园的家伙。violationTheviolationofthegravesisnotthefirstsuchincident.像这种破坏墓地的行为不是第一次出现了。四、例句Don'tviolateotherpeople'scopyright.不要侵犯他人版权。I'mcommittednottoviolatetherules.我有义务不违反规定。Thecountryviolatedtheinternationalagreement.这个国家违反了国际协议。Thesoundofgunsviolatedthepeaceofthecountryside.炮声扰乱了乡村的宁静。Thesoldiersviolatedthechurchbyusingitasastable.士兵们把教堂当马厩用而亵渎了它。五、常见句型用作动词(v.)用作及物动词S+～+n./pron.Thecountryviolatestheinternationalagreements.那个国家违背了国际协议。Thebusdriverviolatedthetrafficregulation.汽车司机违反了交通规则。Thesoldiersviolatedthechurchbyusingitasastable.士兵们把教堂当马厩,亵渎了教堂。Thenoiseviolatedmysleep.噪音妨碍了我的睡眠。六、经典引文Byundertakingpaidworkhewasviolatingthetermsofhisentryvisa.出自：H.CarpenterWedonotviolatetheirlaws.出自：P.Abrahams七、词源解说☆15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的violatus，意为粗暴对待。violate的相关近义词break、infringeviolate的相关反义词keep、obey、observeviolate的相关临近词violation、viola、violateoath、Violatedoils、violatesleep、violatealaw、violatearule、violatethelaw、violateawoman、violatejustice、violateliberty、violatepromise点此查看更多关于violate的详细信息
在国内学习英语语言学到底有什么用？
其实语言学看似枯燥，但只要和其他学科相结合，就会变得非常有意思，我研究生在英国读的应用语言学（Applied Linguistics），就选修了好几门有趣的课程，给你简单介绍一下。第一学期我选择了心理语言学，也就是语言和心理相结合的一门课。一开始老师就给我们做了这样一个实验：有三样东西，一个是木勺子，一个是铁勺子，一个是木头，木勺子和铁勺子长得一模一样，只是材料不同；木勺子和木头的材质一模一样。然后问你应该把木勺子和铁勺子归为一组，还是把木勺子和木头归我一组。因为大家都来自世界各地，所以答案也不一样。最后老师告诉我们，如果自己的母语里有可数和不可数的区分，就容易把木勺子和铁勺子归为一组，比如英语；如果母语里没有这种区分，就容易把木勺子和木头归为一组，比如汉语。但如果同时会两门语言，比如我们这些留学生，就要看第二语言对我们思维的影响有多大了。这门课非常有意思，老师带着我们看了很多语言和意识互相影响的研究。所以，说着不同语言的人们，有可能看到的世界也不一样哟。后来我又学了一门社会语言学，也很好玩。论文我写的是性别和语言的关系。我自己做了实验，随机录下学生公寓的厨房内发生的男女对话。然后按照书上讲的性别理论来做分析，发现男女在说话的时候，用词，句式，停顿，语气等方面确实不一样，很有意思。除了以上我提到的心理语言学和社会语言学，现在比较火的还有犯罪语言学，通过语言学的知识来分析犯罪活动，甚至能够帮助破案。还有广告语言学，可以让商家创作出吸引顾客的广告词等等。所以看似枯燥的语言学，其实在实际生活的方方面面都大有用处呢。From 夏子老师，一个接地气的知识分子。 微信公众号：夏子英文课
